Harnessing Evidence-Based Practices to Support Students with Learning Difficulties in the Classroom

 

As educators, our primary goal is to create learning environments where all students can thrive, regardless of their unique challenges. For students with learning difficulties, evidence-based practices (EBPs) are invaluable tools that can enhance learning outcomes and provide the individualized support these students need. In this article, I’ll explore effective EBPs that teachers can adopt to support these learners and create more inclusive classrooms.

👉 Explicit Instruction

Explicit instruction involves breaking down complex tasks into manageable steps, providing clear explanations, and modelling the desired outcomes. This practice is especially beneficial for students with learning difficulties who may struggle with abstract concepts or unstructured learning.

Application ✍🏾️

• Use “I do, we do, you do” frameworks for teaching.
• Provide guided practice before moving to independent work.
• Regularly check for understanding and adjust instruction as needed.

👉 Scaffolded Learning

Scaffolding provides temporary support to help students accomplish tasks they cannot yet complete independently. As students gain mastery, these supports are gradually removed.

Application ✍🏾️

• Use graphic organizers to help students organize ideas for writing or problem-solving.
• Offer sentence starters or vocabulary banks during reading and writing activities.
• Pair students with peers for collaborative tasks to provide social and academic support.

👉 Multisensory Teaching Techniques

Students with learning difficulties often benefit from engaging multiple senses in the learning process. Multisensory instruction strengthens neural connections and accommodates diverse learning styles.

Application ✍🏾️

• Use manipulatives, such as blocks or counters, for math lessons.
• Incorporate visual aids like charts and diagrams alongside verbal explanations.
• Encourage hands-on activities like building models, conducting experiments, or drawing diagrams.

👉 Response to Intervention (RTI)

RTI is a tiered approach to identifying and supporting students with learning difficulties. It involves ongoing progress monitoring and adjusting interventions based on student needs.

Application ✍🏾️

• Implement tiered interventions where Tier 1 provides high-quality, inclusive instruction for all, Tier 2 offers targeted group support, and Tier 3 focuses on individualized interventions.
• Use data from assessments to refine instruction and ensure timely support.

👉 Peer-Assisted Learning Strategies (PALS)

Peer-assisted learning leverages the power of collaboration by pairing students for structured learning activities. It is particularly effective for reading and math interventions.

Application ✍🏾️

• Train students to take on roles like “coach” and “reader” during paired reading activities.
• Use peer tutoring to reinforce math skills, with higher-performing students guiding their peers.

👉 Differentiated Instruction

Differentiation tailors teaching strategies to meet the diverse needs of students in the classroom. This approach ensures that students with learning difficulties can access the curriculum at their level.

Application ✍🏾️

• Offer varied options for students to demonstrate their learning, such as written reports, presentations, or creative projects.
• Use flexible grouping to provide targeted support during lessons.
• Adjust the pacing of lessons based on student needs.

👉 Technology-Enhanced Learning

Assistive technology and educational apps can empower students with learning difficulties by addressing their specific challenges.

Application ✍🏾️

• Use text-to-speech software for students with reading difficulties.
• Provide access to math apps like Adaptivemind, Microsoft math solver, ABC mouse, Mathway or Prodigy for interactive practice.
• Explore tools like Grammarly, Read & write, or Storium edu to support writing and creativity.

👉 Behavioural Interventions

Behavioural challenges often accompany learning difficulties, making it crucial to address both academic and social-emotional needs.

Application ✍🏾️

• Use positive reinforcement to encourage desired behaviours.
• Implement behaviour contracts or visual behaviour charts.
• Teach self-regulation strategies such as deep breathing or mindfulness exercises.

👉 Frequent Feedback and Progress Monitoring

Students with learning difficulties benefit from consistent feedback that reinforces their progress and identifies areas for improvement.

Application ✍🏾️

• Conduct formative assessments, such as quizzes or oral discussions, to monitor understanding.
• Provide specific, constructive feedback that highlights strengths and areas for growth.
• Celebrate small victories to boost motivation and self-esteem.

👉 Building a Supportive Classroom Environment

A positive, inclusive classroom culture fosters a sense of belonging and encourages students to take risks in their learning.

Application ✍🏾️

• Promote peer acceptance through team-building activities and cooperative learning.
• Use affirmations and encouragement to build students’ confidence.
• Involve families in their children’s learning journey through regular communication and collaboration.

💭💡Incorporating evidence-based practices in the classroom is not just about improving academic outcomes; it’s about empowering students with learning difficulties to overcome barriers and discover their potential. By using a combination of explicit instruction, scaffolding, multisensory techniques, and other strategies, we can create inclusive learning environments where every student feels valued and supported.

What are your favourite strategies for supporting students with learning difficulties? 

Share your thoughts in the comments, and let’s keep the conversation going!